Tasks employed to localize regions involved in theory of mind and
Tasks utilized to localize regions involved in theory of mind and face perception. Subjects in Experiment 2 completed only the Emotion Attribution activity plus the theory of thoughts localizer. Emotion Attribution job. Within the Emotion Attribution activity (Fig. ), subjects viewed brief video clips created to elicit the attribution of an emotional state to a target (Fig. depicts static photos equivalent to video clips PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11836068 used in the study). The activity consisted of video clips of persons expressing a optimistic (happysmiling) or order MRT68921 (hydrochloride) negative (sadfrowning) emotion (expressions condition) and brief animations in which a simple geometric character experienced an occasion that would elicit optimistic or adverse emotion (circumstances situation). Inside the situations condition, no emotion was expressed, but the character’s emotional state may very well be inferred according to the character’s goals along with the event outcome. To ensure constant attributions of emotional valence, independent subjects on Amazon Mechanical Turk (n 6 per item) rated the stimuli from to 7 (negative to positive valence): M(SEM)posfaces 5.597(0.077); M(SEM)negfaces 2.694(0.084); M(SEM)possituations 5.40(0.068); M(SEM)negsituations 2.695(0.058). Every single stimulus variety was further divided into two subcategories: “male” and “female” for facial expression clips and “social” and “nonsocial” for circumstance clips. Inside the nonsocial condition, the character demonstrated an instrumental purpose and achieved or failed to attain itRegions of interestBased on prior literature (Peelen et al 200), our regions of interest for abstract, conceptual representations of emotion have been the pSTC and MMPFC. We localized in individual subjects a middle MPFC ROI comparable with that of Peelen et al. (200), utilizing a standard social versus nonsocial contrast (Saxe and Kanwisher, 2003; DodellFeder et al 20; see below). Since pSTC could not be identified by common localizer tasks, we identified bilateral group ROIs based on the peak coordinate from Peelen et al. (200). Our principal analyses target these 3 ROIs, 0.053 accounting for many comparisons using a corrected (0.07). As well as the MMPFC region identified by Peelen et al. (200), adjacent regions of dorsal and ventral MPFC happen to be strongly implicated in research of emotion and affective worth (Amodio and Frith, 2006; Hynes et al 2006; Vollm et al 2006; Etkin et al. 20). Moreover, the Skerry and Saxe A Popular Neural Code for Attributed EmotionJ. Neurosci November 26, 204 34(48):59976008 Figure . Activity structure for Emotion Attribution process. Events consisted of a 4 s clip plus a two s response. Stimuli incorporated two stimulus sorts (situation stimuli and facial expression stimuli) and two valence categories (good and unfavorable valence).(e.g attempted to climb a hill and succeeded or tumbled towards the bottom); within the social condition, there were numerous agents who acted prosocially or antisocially for the target character (e.g included or excluded the target from their group). This yielded a total of eight stimulus conditions (male good, male unfavorable, female good, female unfavorable, social constructive, social negative, nonsocial constructive, nonsocial damaging). Simply because the face stimuli involved a closeperspective view on a single entity, these stimuli were presented at 7.eight 7.4visual 
angle, whereas the context animations were presented at 6.7 two.five We utilized dynamic, naturalistic facial expressions from films, which are somewhat uncontrolled compared with artificial stimuli (e.g face morphs). Ho.
